The major difference between Brazilian and American racial taxonomies is that Brazilian racial categories are based on genotype, whereas American categories are based on phenotype. In the United States, race is determined by physical appearance, such as skin color, hair texture, and facial features. However, in Brazil, race is determined by a combination of physical appearance and ancestry. This means that even if a person has light skin and appears white, they may still be considered black or mixed race if they have black ancestry.
This difference in classification is a result of the unique history of race relations in each country. In the United States, race has been historically tied to the concept of slavery and the "one drop rule," which states that anyone with any amount of African ancestry is considered black. In Brazil, race has been historically tied to the concept of miscegenation, or racial mixing, which has resulted in a more fluid and flexible understanding of race.
It is important to note that neither taxonomy is inherently better or worse than the other, and both have their own complexities and limitations. However, understanding these differences can help us better understand the ways in which race is constructed and experienced in different contexts.
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