Answer and Explanation:
1. Rodrigo played the videogame.
→ Rodrigo jugó el videojuego.
Here, we have to conjugate the verb jugar (meaning "to play") in the él/ella/usted form of the preterite tense because we are talking about Rodrigo in the past.
2. José and you wrote.
→ José y tú escribieron.
Here, we have to conjugate the verb escribir (meaning "to write") in the Ustedes form of the preterite tense because we are talking about "José and you" (a group of people not including yourself) in the past.
3. I went to the bank last Tuesday.
→ Yo fuí al banco el martes pasado.
Here, we have to conjugate the verb ir (meaning "to go") in the yo form of the preterite tense because we are talking about ourselves (singular). The way we refer to "last" Tuesday in Spanish is as "the Tuesday passed."
4. You played videogames yesterday, right?
→ ¿Jugaste videojuegos ayer, cierto?
Here, we have to conjugate the verb jugar (meaning "to play") in the tú form of the preterite tense because we are talking about "you" yesterday.
5. Y'all saw.
→ Ustedes miraron.
Here, we have to conjugate the verb mirar (meaning "to see") in the Ustedes form of the preterite tense because we are talking about "y'all" sometime in the past.
6. I was a student.
→ Yo había un estudiante.
Here, we have to conjugate the verb haber (meaning "to be" or "to exist as") in the yo form of the preterite tense because we are talking about "me" being a student in the past.