Answer:
B. observation
Step-by-step explanation:
Observation, as a requirement-gathering method, refers to the process of systematically watching, analyzing, and documenting users, processes, or systems in their real-life environment to gain an insightful understanding of their needs, preferences, and challenges. This method allows developers, researchers, or designers to identify user requirements, discover patterns, and find potential improvement opportunities, ultimately contributing to the creation of more effective and user-centered solutions, products, or services. The observation process could involve techniques such as direct observation, participant observation, or video recording, and often incorporates qualitative and quantitative data analysis.