Answer:
The long-term and short-term causes of this conflict are complex and interrelated.
Short-term Causes:
- The 1936 general election: In the 1936 general election, the leftist Popular Front won, causing conservative groups to fear the establishment of a socialist government.
- Political polarization: Spain was politically polarized in the 1930s, with leftist and right-wing groups engaging in violent clashes.
- Military uprising: On July 17, 1936, General Franco launched a military uprising against the Republican government, seeking to overthrow it.
Long-term Causes:
- Agrarian problems: Spain's agricultural sector was plagued by problems such as landless laborers, tenant farming, and a lack of modernization, which led to rural poverty and social unrest.
- Regional tensions: Spain is composed of several autonomous regions with unique cultural and linguistic identities. These regions often sought greater autonomy from the central government, leading to tensions between regional and national identities.
- Economic crisis: The Great Depression hit Spain hard, causing widespread poverty and unemployment. This led to social unrest and political polarization.
- Political instability: Spain had experienced several political crises in the early 20th century, including the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the Second Republic in 1931. This instability created a fertile ground for political radicalization.
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Overall, the short-term causes of the Spanish Civil War primarily related to the political polarization and military uprising. In contrast, the long-term causes related to the structural economic, social, and political problems that had been building up for years. These factors collectively create a volatile situation that ultimately led to one of the bloodiest conflicts in European history.
Step-by-step explanation: