Natural selection and selective breeding are related in that they both involve the deliberate selection of certain traits in a population. Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common over time due to their impact on an organism's ability to survive and reproduce. Selective breeding, on the other hand, involves the intentional breeding of organisms with desirable traits, such as high milk yield in cows or short stature in dogs. Both processes involve the selection of traits for their fitness or utility, but natural selection is driven by environmental pressures and survival, while breeding is driven by human desire or need.