Question

Discuss the adaptations that have enabled flowering plants to overcome the following problems associated with life on land. Be very specific in your description of the adaptations which help angiosperm survive in a land based environment as opposed to an aquatic environment. There are multiple adaptations. Study this before trying to write so that you can include a variety of features. a) The absence of an aquatic environment for reproduction. b) The absence of an aquatic environment to support the plant body c) Dehydration of the plant

Answer 1

A) The absence of an aquatic environment for reproduction.

Pollination. Flowers are developed in order to reproduce, flowers help by attracting animals to pollinate (pollination aids). Pollen for males, seed for females. The seeds are coated with a hard outer layer to protect it. Fruits are made so animals can it them and the seeds will spread by the means of their feces. Seeds can be dormant for a long time.

B) The absence of an aquatic environment to support the plant body.

Roots to help hold to the ground, stems for support, vascular tissue to help hold shape, cell walls more rigid, turgor pressure.

C) Dehydration of the plant.

The cuticle was developed, a waxy outer layer found in the leaves to prevent water from leaving the plant. Stomates control water movement, in trees scales and cork help keep water in. Xylem transports water.

Step-by-step explanation:

Hope this helps!

Answer 2

a) specialized structures and organs for reproduction (flowers)

b) lignin in the xylem

c) waxy cuticle, stomata

Step-by-step explanation:

a) Angiosperms have flowers, which are specialized reproductive organs. Flowers contain specialized reproductive cells (i.e., pollen cells) which can be dispersed by wind or animals.

b) Plant tissues can be covered by a waxy cuticle that helps to conserve water and tiny pores called 'stomata' in the epidermis that close in order to prevent water loss.

c) Finally, the xylem in land plants provides mechanical support. The cell walls of the xylem are composed of lignin, an organic substance that provides structural rigidity to the plant fibers.