Answer:
An unbalanced diet and lack of exercise can lead to high levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides in the blood, which can contribute to the formation of an atheroma. An atheroma is a fatty deposit that forms within the walls of arteries.
When levels of LDL and triglycerides are high, they can accumulate in the walls of blood vessels, causing plaque buildup. This buildup can lead to atherosclerosis, which is the hardening and narrowing of arteries over time. As the plaque buildup increases, the diameter of the artery becomes smaller, and the blood flow to vital organs, like the heart and brain, is reduced.
Over time, the atheroma can grow and become unstable. When it ruptures, blood clots can form on the surface, further blocking blood flow and possibly leading to a heart attack or stroke.
A balanced diet and regular physical activity can help maintain healthy blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, reducing the risk of atheroma formation. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats can help lower bad cholesterol levels. Exercise helps increase good cholesterol (HDL) levels, which helps remove excess bad cholesterol from the bloodstream.