Final answer:
The line of code assigns the result of the input() function to the variable books, after converting the input to an integer. int: Converts a number or a string into an integer. float: Converts a number or a string into a floating-point number (decimal).
Step-by-step explanation:
The line of code `books = int(input("How many books have you read this year?"))` assigns the result of the `input()` function to the variable `books`, after converting the input to an integer using the `int()` function. The `input()` function prompts the user with the question inside the parentheses and waits for the user to provide an answer.
Now, let's explain the purpose or behavior of the following keywords or functions:
- int: The `int` is a Python built-in function that converts a number or a string into an integer. For example, `int(3.14)` returns `3`.
- float: The `float` is a Python built-in function that converts a number or a string into a floating-point number (decimal). For example, `float('3.14')` returns `3.14`.
- str(): The `str()` is a Python built-in function that converts a number or an object into a string. For example, `str(42)` returns `'42'` as a string.
- int(): The `int()` is a Python built-in function that converts a number or a string into an integer. For example, `int('42')` returns `42` as an integer.
- pow(): The `pow()` is a Python built-in function that returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the second argument. For example, `pow(2, 3)` returns `8`.