Using the formula M1V1=M2V2, where M1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, M2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume, we can solve for the final concentration:
M1V1 = M2V2
0.839 M x 0.50 L = M2 x 2.5 L
M2 = (0.839 M x 0.50 L) / 2.5 L
M2 = 0.168 M
Therefore, the concentration of the solution that results from diluting 0.50 L of 0.839 M vinegar solution to 2.5 L is 0.168 M.
Answer: 0.17 M (rounded to two significant figures)