Answer:
1. Crop Failure
2. Livestock loss
3. Reduced income
4. Debt
5. Migration
6. Food insecurity
Step-by-step explanation:
Droughts have a devastating effect on farmers in South Africa, which is primarily an agricultural country. Here are some of the most common ways that droughts affect farmers:
1. Crop Failure: Droughts can cause crop failure, resulting in lower yields and income for farmers. A lack of rainfall can cause dry soil, making crop growth impossible, and may result in the loss of entire fields.
2. Livestock loss: Droughts can cause a lack of water and food for livestock, resulting in starvation and death. Farmers face significant economic and social consequences when their livestock is lost.
3. Reduced income: Droughts cause lower yields and, consequently, lower income for farmers. This impacts the farmers' ability to provide for themselves and their families and the broader economy.
4. Debt: Farmers may incur debt due to crop failure and reduced income caused by droughts. This can result in financial difficulties and a debt cycle that is difficult to break.
5. Migration: Droughts can cause farmers to migrate to cities for work and better living conditions. As a result, agricultural knowledge and expertise are lost, potentially increasing reliance on imported food.
6. Food insecurity: Droughts can cause food insecurity because crops fail and prices rise due to a lack of supply. As food prices rise, this can knock on the broader economy and society, leading to increased poverty and social unrest.