The advancement of renewable energy technology could increase the carrying capacity of the planet, provided that natural resources are managed sustainably. Sustainable energy sources could support a larger human population with fewer adverse impacts on the environment. As renewable energy becomes cheaper and more widely available, it could also help to curb population growth by providing access to efficient energy sources needed for family planning, education, and economic development. However, whether these benefits materialize depends on efficient and equitable distribution of renewable energy, along with corresponding conservation efforts and responsible resource management.