Answer:
The nationalist movements in Asia during the second half of the twentieth century were influenced by the Cold War ideological rivalries in various ways. One significant impact was that the United States and the Soviet Union both sought to gain influence in the region by supporting or opposing nationalist movements based on their own interests.
For example, the United States supported nationalist movements that aligned with its anti-communist stance, while the Soviet Union supported movements that shared its communist ideology. This resulted in nationalist movements being categorized as pro-American or pro-Soviet, and often receiving support or opposition from these respective superpowers based on their perceived alignment.
Furthermore, the Cold War rivalry also created divisions among nationalist movements themselves. Some nationalist groups aligned themselves with the Soviet Union and the communist ideology, while others aligned with the United States and the capitalist ideology. This created tensions and conflicts between nationalist groups, as they were often pitted against each other based on their political affiliations.
In summary, the Cold War ideological rivalries impacted the nationalist movements in Asia by influencing the support they received from the superpowers and creating divisions among the movements themselves based on their perceived alignment with either the United States or the Soviet Union.