To calculate the percentage of students who passed the test, you can use the following formula:
Percentage = (Number of students who passed the test / Total number of students) x 100%
Substituting the given values, we get:
Percentage = (36 / 48) x 100%
Percentage = 0.75 x 100%
Percentage = 75%
Therefore, 75% of the students have passed the arithmetic test.