Answer: William the Conqueror, also known as William I, was a Norman duke who became the King of England after his victory at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. He is a significant figure in European history, as his conquest of England marked the beginning of Norman rule in the country.
William was born in Falaise, Normandy, in 1028. He was the son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, and his mistress Herleva. Despite being illegitimate, William was named the heir to the dukedom in 1035 after his father's death. At the age of 19, William became the Duke of Normandy and quickly established himself as a strong and capable ruler.
In 1066, William invaded England with an army of Normans, Flemings, and Frenchmen, landing at Pevensey Bay in Sussex. He defeated King Harold II of England at the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066, and was crowned King of England on Christmas Day that year. William's victory marked the end of Anglo-Saxon rule in England and the beginning of Norman rule.
As King of England, William implemented a number of significant changes. He introduced the feudal system, where land was granted to lords in exchange for their loyalty and military service. He commissioned the Domesday Book, a survey of England's land and property that was used to calculate taxes. William also ordered the construction of numerous castles throughout England to help maintain his power.
William was a devout Christian and founded several monasteries and abbeys throughout England. He was also known for his military campaigns, including an invasion of Scotland in 1072 and a campaign against the Welsh in 1081.
William died on September 9, 1087, at the age of 59. He was buried in Caen, Normandy, and was succeeded by his son William II.
In conclusion, William the Conqueror was a significant figure in European history who played a crucial role in the conquest of England. His victory at the Battle of Hastings marked the beginning of Norman rule in England, and his reign as King of England saw significant changes to the country's political and social systems. William's legacy can still be seen in England today, through the numerous castles and abbeys he commissioned, and through the continued use of the feudal system.
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