Final answer:
The conflict referred to is the First Persian Gulf War or Operation Desert Storm, initiated to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation in January 1991. Led by President George H.W. Bush and backed by the UN, a coalition of 34 nations succeeded in this effort. The war symbolized potential global unity against aggression but ended without removing Saddam Hussein from power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The First Persian Gulf War
The conflict referred to in the question is known as the First Persian Gulf War or Operation Desert Storm. This military action was a response to Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait. President George H.W. Bush and the United Nations formed an international coalition to liberate Kuwait, which included troops from 34 countries. The operation began on January 16, 1991 and was a demonstration of the United States' and its allies' military prowess, ultimately resulting in Iraq's defeat and withdrawal from Kuwait.
Operation Desert Storm was significant not only because it liberated Kuwait but also because it represented a moment where a new international order seemed possible. President Bush and his administration hoped this coalition would mark the beginning of a New World Order where global powers would work together to maintain peace and deter acts of aggression.
Despite the success of the operation, the decision was made not to pursue the ousting of Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. This choice was driven by the belief that the mission's objectives had been met and further pursuit may not have been seen as justified by the international community. The consequences of this decision shaped future U.S. foreign policy and engagements in the region.