The terms Hispanic and Latino are often used interchangeably, but they have different origins and meanings.
The term "Hispanic" generally refers to people who come from Spanish-speaking countries, including Spain, Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. This term is primarily based on linguistic and cultural ties to the Spanish language and Spanish culture.
On the other hand, "Latino" refers to people from Latin America, which includes all countries in the Americas where Romance languages (derived from Latin) are spoken, including Spanish, Portuguese, and French. This term is primarily based on geographic and cultural ties to Latin America, rather than linguistic ties to Spanish.
Both Hispanic and Latino can be considered ethnicity rather than a race, as they refer to a shared cultural heritage and ancestry rather than physical characteristics. However, many people who identify as Hispanic or Latino also have mixed racial backgrounds.
The term "Latinx" is a gender-neutral alternative to Latino and Latina. It is used to include people who do not identify as strictly male or female, or who reject traditional gender categories. Some people find the term "Latinx" more inclusive and progressive, while others find it difficult to pronounce and unnecessary. It is a matter of personal preference and is not widely used outside of certain academic and activist circles.