Indian Independence was the result of a long and complex struggle against British colonialism in India. The Indian National Congress, a political party founded in 1885, played a major role in the independence movement. The Congress demanded greater political representation for Indians in government and an end to British economic exploitation of India.
Mohandas Gandhi, a prominent Indian nationalist leader, emerged as a key figure in the Indian independence movement in the 1920s. He advocated for non-violent resistance to British rule, through a tactic called "civil disobedience." This involved peaceful protests, boycotts, and strikes.
The onset of World War II further increased demands for Indian independence. India contributed significantly to the British war effort, but many Indians saw their efforts as unappreciated and their country still being treated as a colony.
In 1947, the British government passed the Indian Independence Act, which granted independence to India and Pakistan. This led to the partition of the country into two separate states, based on religious lines. The achievement of Indian independence was a significant milestone in the history of India, and it served as a model for other countries seeking independence from colonial rule.