In Kamala Markandaya's novel "Nectar in a Sieve," the central theme revolves around the struggles of rural India in the face of modernization and industrialization. The story follows the life of Rukmani, a young girl who marries a poor farmer and moves to a village in India. Over the course of the novel, we see Rukmani and her family face numerous challenges, including droughts, floods, poverty, and illness.
One of the most striking aspects of the novel is the way it depicts the clash between traditional Indian culture and the forces of modernization. On the one hand, we see the villagers holding onto their traditional ways of life, including their religious beliefs and their reliance on the land for survival. On the other hand, we see the influence of modern technology, such as the construction of a tannery and the introduction of new farming methods. This clash between tradition and modernity creates tension and conflict throughout the novel, as the characters struggle to adapt to the changing world around them.
Another key theme in the novel is the importance of family and community. Rukmani's family and the villagers of her village are depicted as a close-knit community, relying on each other for support and survival. We see this in the way Rukmani's family bands together to survive times of hardship, and in the way the villagers come together to help each other in times of need. This sense of community is contrasted with the isolation and loneliness that Rukmani experiences when she moves to the city, highlighting the importance of human connection in the face of adversity.
Overall, "Nectar in a Sieve" is a powerful and poignant novel that offers a glimpse into the struggles of rural India in the face of modernization. Through the story of Rukmani and her family, we see the resilience and strength of the human spirit in the face of overwhelming challenges.