There are several differences between the territories under the Tang and Song dynasties in China:
Size and Boundaries: The Tang dynasty controlled a much larger territory than the Song dynasty. At its height, the Tang empire included not only China but also parts of Central Asia, Korea, and Vietnam. In contrast, the Song dynasty was limited to China proper and did not extend beyond its current boundaries.
Capital City: The Tang dynasty had its capital in Chang'an, which was one of the largest cities in the world at the time. The Song dynasty, on the other hand, had its capital in Kaifeng, which was a smaller city and located further to the east.
Economy: The Song dynasty had a more prosperous economy compared to the Tang dynasty. During the Song dynasty, there was a significant growth in commerce, trade, and agriculture. This was facilitated by the development of the Grand Canal, which connected the Yellow River to the Yangtze River, making transportation of goods easier.
Military Power: The Tang dynasty had a stronger military than the Song dynasty. During the Tang dynasty, the empire had a powerful army that was instrumental in expanding its territories. In contrast, the Song dynasty faced significant military threats from the Khitan and Jurchen tribes, which led to the loss of some territories.
Cultural and Intellectual Achievements: Both dynasties made significant contributions to Chinese culture and intellectual development. However, the Tang dynasty is often regarded as a "Golden Age" of Chinese literature, poetry, and art. In contrast, the Song dynasty is known for its contributions to science and technology, including the development of movable type printing, gunpowder, and the compass.
Overall, the Tang and Song dynasties had significant differences in terms of territory, capital city, economy, military power, and cultural achievements.