Some supplements that may benefit NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) include:
• Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA have anti-inflammatory effects and may help reduce liver fat accumulation. Fish oil supplements are a good source of omega-3s.
• Probiotics: Probiotics can help improve gut health and nutrition absorption. Some studies show certain probiotic strains may benefit NAFLD.
• Vitamin E: Vitamin E is an antioxidant that can help protect liver cells from damage. Supplements or dietary sources of vitamin E may help in NAFLD.
• Methionine: Methionine helps produce glutathione, an important antioxidant for liver health. Supplements or foods high in methionine such as eggs may benefit NAFLD.
• NAC: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) helps boost glutathione levels and reduce liver inflammation. Some studies show NAC supplements may improve NAFLD.
Supplements to avoid or use with caution for NAFLD include:
• Herbal supplements: Many herbal supplements are unregulated and there is little evidence they help with NAFLD. Some may even be harmful. It is best to avoid them.
• High dose vitamin A: Too much vitamin A can stress the liver. So only consume vitamin A from foods, and do not exceed the recommended supplement dosage.
• Protein or carnitine powders: Although protein is important, extra protein supplementation is unlikely to help NAFLD and will not fix an underlying diet or lifestyle issue. Dietary changes should come from whole foods.
• Sugar alcohols: Sugar alcohols like mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol are poorly absorbed and may have a laxative effect. They are unlikely to benefit NAFLD.
• Betaine: Betaine supplements are popular but there is no evidence they help with NAFLD. They can cause side effects in high doses. It is best to get betaine from foods like beets, spinach and quinoa.