Final answer:
Mekhi is studying the trend of the world's average temperature by examining data between 1970 and 2011. Historical temperature anomalies like the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age show natural fluctuations, while the recent rapid increase aligns with the Industrial Era, reflecting a long-term warming trend.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mekhi's study involves analyzing the trend of the world's average temperature over time, specifically between 1970 and 2011. Various figures and studies mentioned highlight the natural variability and the long-term warming trend of global temperatures. For instance, the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age are two significant periods in history when temperature irregularities occurred, with changes in global temperature allowing the Vikings to colonize Greenland and impacting human history. Moreover, figures from studies illustrate the shift in global temperature over the millennia and the warming trend evident from direct measurements starting in the late 1800s. It's important to note that the average annual temperature on Earth has been rising, especially over the past century, with the largest increases occurring during the Industrial Era, where there is high confidence in the increase in warm days and nights and a decrease in cold days and nights globally.