5 Reasons:
1) Access to water: Mesopotamia benefited from fertile land, as the area was situated between two major rivers - the Tigris and Euphrates. Access to water allowed for ample irrigation and provided an ideal environment for agricultural cultivation.
2) Innovation: The people of Mesopotamia were innovative and utilized advanced methods of irrigation and farming techniques to produce high-quality crops. They also invented tools such as the plow and the sickle, which helped to increase yields and productivity.
3) Climate: The climate in Mesopotamia was favorable for agriculture, with long periods of rainfall followed by dry seasons that allowed for the crops to mature properly. The sun was also an advantage since it provided consistently good growing conditions for crops.
4) Trade: The success of agriculture in Mesopotamia also relied on its strategic location in the heart of the ancient world. It facilitated trade with neighboring regions, allowing for the exchange of goods and knowledge, which further contributed to the development of agriculture.
5) Division of Labor: Mesopotamian society was divided into different classes of people, and agricultural labor was divided based on skills and expertise. Specialization in different areas of agricultural cultivation and production allowed for efficient use of resources and provided a diverse array of crops to sustain the population.