Answer:
The angle at which light bends or refracts as it passes from one medium to another is given by Snell's law, which states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equal to the ratio of the indices of refraction of the two media:
n1 sin(θ1) = n2 sin(θ2)
where n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction of the two media, θ1 is the angle of incidence, and θ2 is the angle of refraction.
In this problem, we are given that light is traveling through air with an index of refraction of n1 = 1.000293 and strikes an ice cube with an index of refraction of n2 = 1.309 at an angle of incidence of θ1 = 30°. We are asked to find the angle of refraction θ2.
Substituting the given values into Snell's law, we get:
1.000293 sin(30°) = 1.309 sin(θ2)
Solving for sin(θ2), we get:
sin(θ2) = (1.000293 / 1.309) sin(30°) = 0.5033
Taking the inverse sine of both sides, we get:
θ2 = sin^(-1)(0.5033) = 30.22°
Therefore, the angle at which the light refracts when it enters the ice cube is approximately 30.22°.