Answer:
As the ocean gets deeper, a number of changes occur in its physical, chemical, and biological properties. Here are some of the key changes that occur:
Water pressure: One of the most noticeable changes in the ocean as it gets deeper is the increase in water pressure. This is because the weight of the water above compresses the water below. The pressure increases by approximately one atmosphere (or 14.7 pounds per square inch) for every 10 meters (or 33 feet) of depth.
Temperature: The temperature of the ocean also changes as it gets deeper. The upper layer of the ocean, called the epipelagic zone, is generally warmer due to exposure to sunlight. However, as you go deeper, the temperature drops rapidly, reaching near freezing temperatures in the deep ocean.
Light: Light penetration is also affected by the depth of the ocean. The epipelagic zone receives sunlight and is the only zone where photosynthesis can occur. Below this zone, the amount of light decreases rapidly, and photosynthesis is no longer possible.
Salinity: Salinity, or the concentration of salt in the water, tends to increase with depth in the ocean. This is because as water evaporates from the surface, it leaves behind salt, which increases the salinity of the remaining water.
Oxygen: Oxygen levels in the ocean also decrease as you go deeper. This is because oxygen is consumed by marine organisms and decomposing organic matter in the water. In some areas, such as the oxygen minimum zone, oxygen levels can become very low, making it difficult for some organisms to survive.
Biodiversity: Finally, the biodiversity of the ocean changes with depth. The epipelagic zone is home to a wide variety of marine life, including fish, dolphins, and sea turtles. As you go deeper, the number and variety of species decreases, and the organisms that do live in these deep, dark environments have adapted to the extreme conditions, such as high pressure, low temperature, and lack of sunlight.
Step-by-step explanation: