Answer:
One of the key actions that helped create the political situation that led to the Iran Hostage Crisis was the U.S. and British-backed overthrow of Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh in 1953. Mossadegh was a democratically elected leader who had nationalized Iran's oil industry, which had been controlled by foreign companies, including British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (now BP).
The U.S. and Britain feared that the nationalization of Iran's oil would set a dangerous precedent for other developing countries seeking to take control of their natural resources. They therefore orchestrated a coup to remove Mossadegh from power and install the pro-Western Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, as a monarch with dictatorial powers.
The Shah's regime was characterized by repression and corruption, which led to widespread discontent among Iranians. In 1979, a popular uprising led by religious and political forces ousted the Shah, and Iran became an Islamic republic. In response, on November 4, 1979, a group of Iranian militants seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, taking 52 American hostages, and demanded the return of the Shah, who was receiving medical treatment in the U.S.
The hostage crisis lasted for 444 days, and it severely strained relations between Iran and the U.S. The crisis also played a major role in the defeat of President Jimmy Carter in the 1980 U.S. presidential election, as many Americans blamed him for his perceived weakness in handling the crisis.
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