Answer:
The Great Schism, also known as the East-West Schism, was a significant event in the history of Christianity that resulted in the permanent division of the Christian Church into the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. The Schism occurred in 1054 AD and had several underlying causes:
Theological Differences: Theological disagreements between the Eastern and Western Churches had been brewing for centuries. The Eastern Church believed that the Holy Spirit proceeded from the Father alone, while the Western Church believed that the Holy Spirit proceeded from the Father and the Son. This theological difference is known as the filioque controversy.
Cultural Differences: The Eastern and Western Churches had different cultures, languages, and political structures, which led to a gradual divergence in the way they practiced Christianity. The Eastern Church, for example, was influenced by Greek culture and language, while the Western Church was influenced by Latin culture and language.
Political and Economic Factors: The Eastern and Western Churches had different political and economic systems, which led to tensions and disagreements. For example, the Eastern Church was under the rule of the Byzantine Empire, which was facing threats from the Muslim world, while the Western Church was under the rule of various European monarchies.
Papal Authority: The Pope, who was the head of the Roman Catholic Church, claimed universal jurisdiction over the entire Christian Church. This claim was rejected by the Eastern Church, which believed in the autonomy of individual bishops and churches.
These factors, along with others, led to the Great Schism, which resulted in the permanent division of the Christian Church into the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.
Step-by-step explanation: