Answer:
The 1917 Revolution in Russia saw cities run by councils of workers and soldiers, known as soviets. These soviets emerged as a result of the social and political upheaval that characterized the Revolution, particularly in the aftermath of the fall of the Tsarist regime. The soviets were initially established as a means of representing the interests of workers and soldiers in the midst of the Revolution, and they quickly became an important source of power and authority in many Russian cities.
The soviets were composed of elected delegates from factories, mines, military units, and other organizations, and they were responsible for making decisions on a range of issues, including labor conditions, wages, and the allocation of resources. They also played a key role in the establishment of the new Soviet government, which was led by the Bolsheviks and which sought to create a socialist society based on the principles of worker control and collective ownership.
The soviet system represented a significant departure from the traditional forms of government in Russia, which had been dominated by the Tsarist regime and its centralized bureaucracy. By giving workers and soldiers a direct say in the running of their cities and regions, the soviet system represented a radical experiment in democracy and popular participation.
Despite their initial promise, however, the soviets faced a number of challenges in the years following the Revolution. These included political divisions within the soviet movement, as well as external pressures from opposition groups and foreign powers. Ultimately, the soviet system was largely dismantled under the Stalinist regime in the 1930s, although it remains an important symbol of the revolutionary ideals that shaped the early years of the Soviet Union.