Baghdad
Baghdad was a significant junction for commercial routes during the Middle Ages by land, river, and sea. It was a bustling crossroads for commerce, especially with the nearby Islamic kingdoms. Internationally, Baghdad provided commercial lines that reached Eastern Africa, the Mediterranean, East and South-East Asia, and Western Europe. Diamonds, soap, ivory, camel fur, honey, and other items were among the goods that went through the city. Along with locally produced commodities, the merchandise was frequently exchanged in Baghdad before being shipped again. Silk, textiles, glass, paper, and Qashani tiles were among the locally produced goods. The silk routes throughout this time allowed for transporting caravans, human migrants, troops, letters, and pilgrims in addition to trade.