4. Winston's belief that the proles hold the power to overthrow the Party parallels British citizens' opinions on the strength of the "Iron Curtain" countries in the 1940s. Just as Winston believes that the proles, who make up the majority of the population, have the power to overthrow the Party, some British citizens believed that the Soviet Union's working-class citizens held the power to overthrow their government. This belief was based on the idea that the Soviet Union's government could not survive without the support of its working-class citizens.
5. One parallel between what is happening in the novel and what is happening currently in some countries is the presence of propaganda and disinformation. The quote from the novel suggests that many people are capable of accepting the Party's lies and distortions of reality because they are not sufficiently interested in public events to notice what is happening. Similarly, in some countries today, many people are exposed to propaganda and disinformation through social media and other sources, which can distort their understanding of reality and make them more vulnerable to manipulation.
6. Julia tacitly supports many of the Party's positions because she is more interested in personal pleasure and rebellion than in political ideology. She is willing to go along with the Party's rules and regulations as long as she can continue to pursue her own desires and pleasures. She is not interested in actively opposing the Party, but instead wants to carve out a space for herself where she can be free from its control.
7. Orwell was likely a strong advocate for an informed and educated citizenry. The quote "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past" suggests that those who control information and history have the power to shape the future. Therefore, an informed and educated citizenry is essential to maintaining a healthy democracy and preventing the manipulation of public opinion through propaganda and disinformation.