Question

1. Radiation

a. When watching a daytime circus in a large, dark-colored tent, you sense significant heat transfer from the tent. Explain why this occurs!
b. Why are cloudy nights generally warmer than clear ones?
c. Why are thermometers that are used in weather stations shielded from the sunshine? What does a thermometer measure if it is shielded from the sunshine and also if it is not?
d. On average, would Earth be warmer or cooler without the atmosphere? Explain your answer!

2. Chemical reactions
a. What is the main difference between a chemical and a physical change?
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b. In a chemical reaction, is it possible to change the number of products by changing the number of reactants? Why?
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c. When you combine vinegar and baking soda, a gas is produced. Why is the gas considered evidence that a chemical reaction occurred?
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d. In the vinegar and baking soda reaction, can you continue to add more and more of one reactant and expect to get more and more product? Why or why not?
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e. Can atoms that are not in the reactants end up in the products of a chemical reaction? Why or why not?
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3. Heat Transfer
a. Where does heat transfer take place?
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b. In such a situation which principle of heat do you perceive?
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c. What is the difference between diffusion and radiation heat transfer?
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d. How does heat transfer related to temperature
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e. Describe a situation in which heat transfer occurs. What are the resulting forms of energy?
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f. Explain briefly the process of heat transfer by radiation!
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g. What are the main methods of heat transfer from the hot core of Earth to its surface? From Earth’s surface to outer space?
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4. Conduction
a. Some electric stoves have a flat ceramic surface with heating elements hidden beneath. A pot placed over a heating element will be heated, while it is safe to touch the surface only a few centimeters away. Why is ceramic, with a conductivity less than that of a metal but greater than that of a good insulator, an ideal choice for the stove top?
b. Loose-fitting white clothing covering most of the body is ideal for desert dwellers, both in the hot Sun and during cold evenings. Explain how such clothing is advantageous during both day and night!

5. Convection
a. One way to make a fireplace more energy efficient is to have an external air supply for the combustion of its fuel. Another is to have room air circulate around the outside of the fire box and back into the room. Detail the methods of heat transfer involved in each!
b. On cold, clear nights horses will sleep under the cover of large trees. How does this help them keep warm?

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

During the daytime, sunlight emits light energy. This energy is absorbed by the tent. Since it has a dark color, it will absorb light from most of the wavelengths, while the light colors cannot absorb light from all wavelengths and will emit light. This light energy absorbed by the tent is transferred into heat energy and the tent becomes hot.

The tent gets hot from the sunlight through radiation. The heat from the tent is transferred through the air. This process is called convection. So, through convection, heat will reach you and you will experience heat.

Thus, you will experience heat while sitting under a dark-colored tent through radiation and convection.