Answer: Earth's seasons are caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its orbit around the sun, which leads to variations in solar radiation and temperature.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the Earth is tilted towards the sun, as it is during summer in the northern hemisphere, that part of the Earth receives more direct sunlight and therefore more solar radiation. This leads to warmer temperatures, longer days, and shorter nights. Conversely, when the Earth is tilted away from the sun, as it is during winter in the northern hemisphere, that part of the Earth receives less direct sunlight and therefore less solar radiation. This leads to colder temperatures, shorter days, and longer nights.
The curved surface of the Earth also plays a role in climate. The curvature of the Earth means that different parts of the planet receive different amounts of solar radiation, depending on their latitude. Areas closer to the equator receive more direct sunlight and therefore more solar radiation than areas closer to the poles. This leads to warmer temperatures near the equator and cooler temperatures near the poles.
The curvature of the Earth also affects the circulation of air and ocean currents. Warm air near the equator rises and moves towards the poles, while cooler air near the poles sinks and moves towards the equator. This creates global wind patterns and ocean currents, which can influence climate and weather patterns around the world.