Answer: There are several hypothesis tests that can be used to compare two groups, including:
T-test: A t-test is used when comparing the means of two independent groups. If the assumptions of normality and equal variances are met, a two-sample t-test can be used. If the variances are unequal, then a Welch's t-test should be used.
Mann-Whitney U test: A non-parametric test used to compare two independent groups when the assumption of normality is violated.
Chi-square test: A test used to compare the distribution of categorical variables between two groups.
ANOVA (Analysis of Variance): ANOVA can be used to compare means of more than two groups. When comparing only two groups, ANOVA is equivalent to a t-test.
Explanation: The choice of test depends on the type of data being analyzed, the research question being asked, and the assumptions that can be met.