Many religions have stories about golden calves, but the most well-known ones are from Judaism and Christianity.
In Judaism, the story of the golden calf can be found in the book of Exodus in the Hebrew Bible. According to the story, while Moses was receiving the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai, the Israelites grew impatient and asked Aaron to create a new god for them to worship. Aaron collected gold from the people and fashioned it into a golden calf, which the people then worshiped. When Moses came down from the mountain and saw what had happened, he was angry and smashed the tablets containing the Ten Commandments. The story of the golden calf is often seen as a cautionary tale about idolatry and the dangers of turning away from God.
In Christianity, there are also references to golden calves in the Bible. In the book of Revelation, there is a description of a beast with seven heads and ten horns that rises out of the sea. One of its heads is said to resemble a calf or ox. Some scholars believe that this image is meant to evoke memories of the golden calf story from Exodus and serve as a warning against idolatry.
Other religions that have stories about golden calves include Hinduism, where cows are considered sacred animals and are often depicted in artwork; and ancient Egyptian religion, where bulls were worshiped as symbols of strength and fertility.