Legislation has been an effective tool for advancing civil rights and equality in the US. For example, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 helped to dismantle Jim Crow segregation laws and discriminatory practices that had been institutionalized in the South. These laws helped to ensure that African Americans had equal access to public accommodations, employment, and the right to vote.
Marches and other forms of peaceful protest have also been effective in bringing attention to issues of inequality and mobilizing public support for change. For example, the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 and the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963 were instrumental in advancing the civil rights movement.
However, these strategies have not always been successful in achieving their intended goals. For example, despite the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s, many forms of discrimination and inequality persist in the US today. Moreover, protests and marches can sometimes lead to violence and backlash from those who oppose social change, which can undermine their effectiveness.