Twelfth Night, also known as What You Will, is a play by William Shakespeare that was written in the early 1600s. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works and has been performed countless times since its original production. Throughout the play, there are numerous references to historical and religious figures, which add depth and complexity to the story.
One of the most significant historical figures referenced in the play is the Duke of Illyria, Orsino. Illyria was an ancient region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, which in Shakespeare's time was considered to be part of the Balkans. Illyria is also mentioned in the works of other writers of the time, including Homer, Horace, and Virgil. Orsino's name is likely a reference to the Orsini family, who were a powerful noble family in Renaissance Italy.
Another historical reference is the character of Malvolio, who takes his name from the Latin word "malvolus," which means "ill will." This name is an indication of Malvolio's personality, as he is a puritanical and humorless character who is eventually revealed to be the target of a practical joke.
Religious references are also present in the play. The most notable example is the character of Olivia, who takes her name from the Latin word "oliva," which means "olive." In Christianity, the olive branch is a symbol of peace and forgiveness, which is fitting given Olivia's role as a peacekeeper in the play.
Another significant religious reference is the character of Sebastian, who shares his name with a Christian martyr. Sebastian is also the patron saint of soldiers and athletes, which is fitting given his character's bravery and physical prowess.
In conclusion, the historical and religious names in Twelfth Night play an important role in adding depth and complexity to the story. By referencing historical figures and using symbolic names, Shakespeare was able to create a rich and memorable play that continues to be performed and enjoyed today.