Answer:
C. as a means of employing the scientific method.
"A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery" is a painting by Joseph Wright of Derby that depicts a scientist using an orrery (a mechanical model of the solar system) to teach an audience about astronomy. This painting represents the Enlightenment's emphasis on empirical observation, experimentation, and the scientific method as a means of understanding the natural world. The painting shows the scientist using the orrery to illustrate the laws of planetary motion, which were discovered by Isaac Newton, and suggests that knowledge of the natural world can be obtained through direct observation and experimentation.