The New Deal initiatives of President Franklin Roosevelt, the Great Society Programs of President Lyndon Johnson, and the market-based domestic policy of President Ronald Reagan all aimed to address social and economic challenges in the United States, but differed in their causes, programs, and impacts. The New Deal was a response to the Great Depression, while the Great Society sought to address poverty and civil rights, and Reagan's policy aimed to reduce the size of government and promote economic growth through deregulation and tax cuts. The New Deal and Great Society relied on government intervention and programs, while Reagan's policy emphasized free market principles. The New Deal and Great Society had significant impacts on social welfare, but faced criticism for their costs and effectiveness. Reagan's policy contributed to economic growth, but also faced criticism for exacerbating income inequality and neglecting social welfare programs.