Answer:
A. insulting the enemy
Step-by-step explanation:
In Shakespeare's play "Richard III," King Richard uses a variety of tactics to motivate his soldiers to fight the Duke of Richmond's army. One strategy he employs is insulting the enemy, using language and rhetoric to belittle and demean the opposing forces. For example, he tells his soldiers that the Duke of Richmond is a "base, shallow-brained wretch" and that they should "spurn him" as they would a "strumpet." By trying to undermine the enemy's reputation and make them seem unworthy of respect, King Richard hopes to rally his own troops and boost their confidence in the upcoming battle. Other possible strategies that King Richard might use to motivate his soldiers include inspiring national pride, calling on a sense of duty, and offering great rewards.