Question

Part I: Short Answer Questions (30 points)

1. Briefly describe the effect of the printing press on intellectual life during the Renaissance and Reformation. Be sure to describe how scientific texts led to questions about the teachings of the church and how this influenced the Protestant Reformation. Cite evidence from the course to support your response. (5 points)










2. Briefly describe some of the scientific or technological advances made during Islam's Golden Age. Why were these advances significant? Be sure to discuss the role mosques played in making these advances possible. (5 points)









3. What were the main motivations for European expansion during the Age of Exploration? Be sure to think about the idea of "Glory, Goods, and God," and cite evidence from the course to support your response. (5 points)








4. Describe the significance for modern legal systems of the existence of the Code of Hammurabi. How do the political and legal principles represented by the code affect modern legal ideas? Be sure to support your conclusions with well-organized historical evidence.(5 points)







5. Briefly describe the role of the Kingdom of Mali in global trade. What was the key to its great wealth? Support your answer in a clear, well-organized paragraph. (5 points)






6. Hinduism and Islam are two of the world's most widely practiced religions. Followers of these religions interacted a great deal after one of the Islamic "gunpowder empires" conquered India in the 16th century. Identify this empire and describe how Muslims and Hindus interacted during its reign. Also, describe how this relationship changed from the beginning of the empire to its fall. Organize your response into a clear, organized paragraph supported by historical evidence.






Part II: Application and Critical Thinking (20 points)

7. You have learned about five elements that historians use to determine if a society should be called a civilization:
Job specialization
Advanced cities
Advanced technology
Systems of writing
Complex social institutions
Many different historical civilizations feature these traits. But which ones provide the best examples of each feature? Write five short paragraphs, one for each of the elements, that describe how these traits appear in actual civilizations. You must use a different civilization for each element, so think carefully about which ones you would like to use before you begin writing. Be sure to use specific historical evidence to support your claims.

Answer 1

German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg is credited with inventing the printing press around 1436, although he was far from the first to automate the book-printing process. Woodblock printing in China dates back to the 9th century and Korean bookmakers were printing with moveable metal type a century before Gutenberg.

Step-by-step explanation: