Answer:
Fig. 5.1 shows a graph of tidal volume (the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing) and breathing rate (the number of breaths per minute) for a soccer player before and during a match.
Before the match, the pattern of breathing is relatively stable, with a consistent tidal volume and breathing rate. This indicates that the player is in a state of rest and is not expending a lot of energy.
During the match, the pattern of breathing changes significantly. The breathing rate increases and becomes more erratic, indicating that the player is working harder and expending more energy. The tidal volume also increases, indicating that the player is taking in more air to meet the demands of increased physical activity.
Overall, the difference in the pattern of breathing before and during the match shows how the body responds to physical exertion and the increased demand for oxygen to support muscle activity. As the body works harder, breathing rate and tidal volume increase to meet the increased demand for oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide from the body.