Answer:The political, economic, and social conditions that led to political revolutions in the 1700s-1800s were complex and varied, but they generally involved a combination of factors, including:
Political:
Absolutist monarchies: The rise of absolutist monarchies in Europe limited the power of the people and created an oppressive political system in which the monarchs held all power and made decisions without consulting the citizens. This led to a growing dissatisfaction with the government among the people.
Enlightenment ideas: The ideas of the Enlightenment, including the belief in individual rights, representative government, and the rule of law, inspired many people to question the legitimacy of the existing political systems and demand greater freedoms and liberties.
Revolution in America: The American Revolution, which began in 1775 and ended in 1783, demonstrated that it was possible to overthrow an oppressive government and establish a new, democratic political system.
Economic:
Mercantilism: The economic policy of mercantilism, which focused on exporting more than importing, led to the exploitation of colonies and the concentration of wealth in the hands of the elite. This led to economic inequality and poverty among the masses.
Industrialization: The industrial revolution brought significant changes in the economy, including the growth of factories and the emergence of a new class of wealthy industrialists. This created economic inequality and led to the exploitation of workers, who worked long hours in unsafe conditions for low wages.
Social:
Class division: The strict social hierarchy in Europe, with the aristocracy at the top and the peasantry at the bottom, led to social inequality and resentment among the lower classes.
Enlightenment ideas: The ideas of the Enlightenment, which emphasized the value of individual liberty and equality, inspired many people to demand social reform and an end to social inequality.
Growth of literacy and education: The growth of literacy and education in Europe led to a greater awareness of social and political issues and an increased demand for change.
Overall, the combination of political oppression, economic inequality, and social injustice led to widespread dissatisfaction among the people and ultimately led to political revolutions in various parts of the world in the 1700s-1800s.