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HELP! The average high temperatures in degrees for a city are listed.

58, 61, 71, 77, 91, 100, 105, 102, 95, 82, 66, 57

If a value of 71° is changed to 93°, which of the following measures changes the most and what is the new value?

Mean 82.3°
Median 86.5°
Range 48°
IQR 34°

User Brasserie
by
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1 Answer

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Answer: The median changed the most.

Old median = 79.5

new median = 86.5

===============================================

Step-by-step explanation:

To find the mean, we add up the values and divide by 12 since there are 12 numbers in this list.

mean = (add up the values)/(number of values)

mean = (58+61+71+77+91+100+105+102+95+82+66+57)/12

mean = 80.41667 approximately

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To get the median, we need to sort the numbers from smallest to largest

57, 58, 61, 66, 71, 77, 82, 91, 95, 100, 102, 105

There are n = 12 items in this set.

Because n = 12 is an even number, the median is between slots n/2 = 12/2 = 6 and 7

  • The value in slot 6 is 77
  • The value in slot 7 is 82

The midpoint of those values is (77+82)/2 = 79.5 which is the median.

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The range is the difference between the min and max

range = max - min = 105 - 57 = 48

The IQR will involve splitting the sorted set into two halves

L = lower half = stuff below the median

L = {57, 58, 61, 66, 71, 77}

U = upper half = stuff above the median

U = {82, 91, 95, 100, 102, 105}

The median of set L is (61+66)/2 = 63.5 which is the value of Q1.

The median of set U is (95+100)/2 = 97.5 which is the value of Q3

IQR = interquartile range

IQR = Q3 - Q1

IQR = 97.5 - 63.5

IQR = 34

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Here is a summary of what we calculated

  • Mean = 80.41667 approximately
  • Median = 79.5
  • Range = 48
  • IQR = 34

If we were to replace the "71" with "93", and redo the calculations, then we'll get these results:

  • mean = 82.25
  • median = 86.5
  • range = 48
  • IQR = 34

The range and IQR stay the same, but the mean and median values are different.

Let's see which of those two values changed the most.

  • Mean: The jump from 80.41667 to 82.25 is +1.83333 (since 82.25-80.41667 = 1.83333)
  • Median: The jump from 79.5 to 86.5 is +7 (since 86.5-79.5 = 7)

The median has changed the most because the +7 is larger than +1.83333

User Jiri Kremser
by
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