Answer:
1. The Spaniards were not entirely unsuccessful in Christianizing Muslims in the Philippines, as there were some conversions that took place. However, the task of converting Muslims was more challenging compared to the indigenous people because of several reasons. First, the Muslims already had a well-established religion and culture, which made them resistant to the new religion. Second, the Muslims had a long history of resistance against foreign rule and cultural influence, which made them less willing to embrace Christianity as it was perceived as a tool of colonization. Third, the Spaniards' initial attempts to convert Muslims were often accompanied by violence and forced conversions, which only fueled resistance and strengthened Muslim identity.
2. Christianity and Islam are two major religions with significant differences in terms of their beliefs, practices, and cultural influences. Christianity is centered on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ and emphasizes the belief in one God, salvation, and redemption. On the other hand, Islam is centered on the life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad and emphasizes the belief in one God, submission to God's will, and the importance of following Islamic law. In the Philippines, Christianity and Islam have different histories and cultural influences, with Christianity being introduced by the Spaniards during colonial times and Islam being present in the southern part of the country even before the arrival of the Spaniards. Christianity has become the dominant religion in the Philippines, with the majority of Filipinos being Roman Catholics, while Islam remains the second-largest religion, mainly practiced by Muslims in the southern part of the country. Both religions have had significant cultural and social impacts on the Philippines and its people.