This comparison is often used to describe the relationship between Britain and its former colonies during the colonial period. Just as a mother cares for and guides her child, Britain was seen as the "mother" country that provided guidance and protection to its colonies.
In this metaphor, the British colonies were like children who were dependent on their mother for support and resources. Britain provided the colonies with military protection, trade opportunities, and other benefits, but also expected obedience and loyalty in return.
However, this metaphor is also criticized for being paternalistic and suggesting that the colonies were inferior and dependent on Britain, rather than acknowledging their agency and contributions to their own development.