Answer:
The electric force is indeed much stronger than the gravitational force, but gravity is the dominant force at planetary and larger scales because it has a much longer range and affects all objects with mass, while the electric force only affects charged particles. Additionally, most objects are electrically neutral overall, so the electric forces between them cancel out.
The strength of the electric force between two charged particles is given by Coulomb's law, which states that the force is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The strength of the gravitational force between two objects with masses m1 and m2 separated by a distance r is given by Newton's law of gravitation, which states that the force is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
At the atomic and molecular level, where charged particles are close together, electric forces can be much stronger than gravitational forces. However, at larger scales such as planets and stars, gravity dominates because it affects all objects with mass regardless of their charge. For example, even though Earth has an electric field due to its charge imbalance (the atmosphere is negatively charged while the ground is positively charged), this field is much weaker than Earth's gravitational field.
Additionally, most objects in our everyday lives are electrically neutral overall. While individual atoms may have a net charge due to an unequal number of protons and electrons, most materials have an equal number of positive and negative charges overall, so their electric forces cancel out. In contrast, all objects have mass and therefore experience gravitational forces.
In summary, while the electric force is stronger than the gravitational force at small scales where charged particles are close together, gravity dominates at larger scales because it affects all objects with mass regardless of their charge. Most objects in our everyday lives are also electrically neutral overall, so their electric forces cancel out.