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Find the sum of the geometric series 1 - 3 + ... -2187

User Rnystrom
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1 Answer

7 votes

Answer:

-1640

Explanation:

You want the sum of the geometric series ...

1 -3 + ... -2187

Series

We can write out this series with first term 1 and common ratio -3:

1 -3 +9 -27 +81 -243 +729 -2187

And, we can add it up:

1 -3 +9 -27 +81 -243 +729 -2187 = -1640

The sum of the series is -1640.

Formulas

The formula for the general term of the series is ...

an = a1(r^(n-1))

We can use this to find the number (n) of the last term:

-2187 = 1((-3)^(n-1))

If we consider the magnitudes of the terms, the value of n is the same:

2187 = 1(3^(n-1))

3^7 = 3^(n -1)

7 = n -1

8 = n . . . . . . . the same number we get by counting terms in the series

And the formula for the sum is ...

Sn = a1(r^n -1)/(r -1)

S8 = 1((-3)^8 -1)/(-3-1) = (6561 -1)/-4 = -1640

The sum of the series is -1640.

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Additional comment

As we did above, we would ordinarily find the value of n using logarithms. The logs of negative numbers are complex.

In order to get a real ratio of ln(-2187) to ln(-3), we need to adjust the imaginary part of ln(-2187) by multiples of 2π so the result has the same angle as ln(-3). What we find is ...

(ln(-2187) +6πi)/(ln(-3)) = 7 . . . . a positive integer

Effectively, we can find n by considering only the real parts of the logs, which is basically the same as using term magnitudes.

Find the sum of the geometric series 1 - 3 + ... -2187-example-1

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