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THE KANSAS JOURNEY

Chapter 5: To the Stars Through Difficulty NOTES
Pages 142 – 174

Lesson 1: Tension on the Frontier

What was the main reason frontier forts were built in Kansas? Who did they primarily protect? (page 142)

Who are the Buffalo Soldiers?

What is the job officers gave the Ninth Calvary in Kansas?

Why did General Hancock set fire to Native American villages in Kansas?

What did the Plains Indians think about Medicine Lodge?

What did the government want in the Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty?

What did the government promise the Native Americans in the Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty?

What brought an end to Kansas as a frontier?

How was the railroad an improvement in transportation?

Why were Kansans eager to have railroad lines run through their state?

How long were the first railroad tracks in Kansas (from Elwood to Wathena)?


Lesson 2: Welcome to Kansas

12, New legislation such as the Homestead Act of 1862 allowed individuals and families to do what?

13, How old did you have to be to claim land under the Homestead Act?

Homesteaders had to be or plan to become American citizens and cultivate and improve the land for five years. TRUE OR FALSE?

Many African Americans relocated to Kansas in order to escape from discrimination in the southern states. TRUE OR FALSE?

How did the Exodusters compare to earlier African Americans who settled in Kansas?

What immigrants came to Kansas from overseas?


Lesson 3: Growing the Kansas Economy

Kansans were eager to have railroad lines run through their state because the railroads would make it easier and faster to ship agricultural goods to market. TRUE OR FALSE?
How did land grant colleges (created under the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890) differ from traditional colleges?

What was the purpose of the Pacific Railroad Act?

What was Cyrus K. Holiday best known for?

What was Fred Harvey best known for?

What was the purpose of the cattle drive?

Why did winter wheat become so popular to plant?

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Answer:

Lesson 1: Tension on the FrontierThe main reason frontier forts were built in Kansas was to protect settlers and travelers from Native American attacks.The Buffalo Soldiers were African American soldiers who served in the United States Army in the western frontier after the Civil War.The officers gave the Ninth Calvary in Kansas the job of protecting settlers and railroad workers from Native American attacks.General Hancock set fire to Native American villages in Kansas to punish them for attacks on settlers and railroad workers.The Plains Indians thought of Medicine Lodge as a sacred place for peace negotiations.The government wanted in the Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty for Native American tribes to move to reservations and stop attacking settlers and railroad workers.The government promised the Native Americans in the Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty provisions such as land, education, and supplies.The end of the frontier in Kansas was marked by the closing of the western cattle trails and the decline of the buffalo population.The railroad was an improvement in transportation because it was faster and could carry larger quantities of goods than wagons.Kansans were eager to have railroad lines run through their state because it would make it easier and faster to transport goods to market.The first railroad tracks in Kansas were 36 miles long, running from Elwood to Wathena.Lesson 2: Welcome to KansasThe Homestead Act of 1862 allowed individuals and families to claim up to 160 acres of land in the western United States.To claim land under the Homestead Act, a person had to be 21 years old or the head of a household.True. Homesteaders had to be or plan to become American citizens and cultivate and improve the land for five years.True. Many African Americans relocated to Kansas to escape discrimination in the southern states.The Exodusters were later African American settlers who came to Kansas after the Civil War, whereas earlier African American settlers in Kansas came with abolitionist groups before the war.Immigrants from many countries came to Kansas, including Germans, Irish, Swedes, and Czechs.Lesson 3: Growing the Kansas EconomyTrue. Kansans were eager to have railroad lines run through their state because it would make it easier and faster to transport goods to market.Land grant colleges were created under the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890 to provide education in agriculture, mechanical arts, and military tactics to the working class.The purpose of the Pacific Railroad Act was to encourage the construction of a transcontinental railroad to connect the east and west coasts of the United States.Cyrus K. Holiday was best known for being a co-founder of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad.Fred Harvey was best known for developing the Harvey House chain of restaurants and hotels along the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad.The purpose of the cattle drive was to transport cattle from Texas to railheads in Kansas for shipment to eastern markets.Winter wheat became popular to plant because it was a hardy crop that could survive the harsh winters in Kansas and was in high demand for flour production in eastern markets.

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