Answer:
The ideal gas law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas using the equation:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure of the gas in atmospheres (atm), V is the volume of the gas in liters (L), n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L atm/mol K), and T is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin (K).
To use the ideal gas law, you need to know at least three of the four variables in the equation and then solve for the fourth variable. Here are the steps to follow:
Identify the variables that are given and the one that needs to be solved for.
Rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for the unknown variable. For example, if you need to solve for pressure, the equation becomes P = nRT/V.
Substitute the known values into the rearranged equation and solve for the unknown variable. Be sure to convert the temperature to Kelvin if it is given in Celsius by adding 273.15.
Make sure to include units in your final answer.
For example, let's say you have a gas with a volume of 2.5 L, a temperature of 298 K, and 0.5 moles of the gas, and you need to find the pressure of the gas. Using the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
P = nRT/V
P = (0.5 mol)(0.08206 L atm/mol K)(298 K) / 2.5 L
P = 6.11 atm
So the pressure of the gas is 6.11 atm.