Final answer:
Brown v. Board of Education (1954) impacted the most by initiating the end of racial segregation, with Roe v. Wade (1973) playing a key role in the women's rights movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the landmark court cases listed, Brown v. Board of Education (1954) arguably had the most influence on America. This decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson doctrine of 'separate but equal', declaring that state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students were unconstitutional. It laid the groundwork for the broader civil rights movement, challenging racial segregation and discrimination across various aspects of American society.
Roe v. Wade (1973) had a significant impact on women's rights and the national dialogue on reproductive health. It recognized a woman's right to choose an abortion under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, which was a pivotal moment in the women's liberation movement.