Final answer:
The sections of DNA used in DNA fingerprinting are not all from important genes in the human body, but often come from non-coding, highly variable regions. These regions provide a unique DNA pattern for each individual and are essential for confirming biological relationships through gel electrophoresis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the sections of DNA used in DNA fingerprinting are all from genes of major importance in the human body is false. DNA fingerprinting often utilizes repetitive, non-coding regions of the DNA that vary greatly among individuals, rather than coding regions associated with genes. These variable regions, which do not code for proteins, are known as variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) or short tandem repeats (STRs), and they provide a unique pattern for each individual, making them useful for identifying relationships between people or for forensic purposes. These repetitive sequences are dispersed throughout the human genome and serve as the basis for the distinct DNA patterns observed in DNA fingerprinting techniques such as gel electrophoresis.
When establishing whether a child is related to their parents, the child's DNA fingerprint must have a combination of the DNA bands or genetic markers found in the DNA fingerprints of both the mother and father. This reflects the inheritance of half of the genetic material from each parent. By comparing these genetic markers, DNA fingerprinting can confirm biological relationships with a high degree of certainty.